Chapter 19 Study Questions
1. Who was known as "the middle class" president?
2. After the Civil War, what happened to the middle-class's reforming zeal?
3. If literature was an indicator, after the Civil War, with what did the middle-class family replace piety?
4. After the Civil War, what can be said about the size of middle class families?
5. After the Civil War, how was middle class family life usually denoted?
6. Was the Gilded Age was rather prudish:
7. After the Civil War, what percent of urban families employed at least one house servant?
8. What book was considered to be an outright attack on middle class consumption?
9. About how many mining and manufacturing workers were there in 1890?
In 1860 the average work day lasted how many hours?
10. By 1880, what did some "radicals" propose as a fair day's work?
11. What book was a study of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railways?
12. What would be an ordinary track workers daily pay?
13. What did it mean to say that a conductor was color blind?
14. How did railroad management try to control labor?
15. How did machines affect the jobs of skilled workers?
16. How did industrialization affect the business cycle?
17. What particular industry absorbed many women into its ranks?
18. What new industry starting after the Civil War absorbed women into its ranks?
19. Why were women thought to make good nurses?
20. What was "The Cult of True Womanhood?"
21. How many farms were in the U.S. by 1890?
22. In which two states were farmers particularly struggling in the 1870s?
23. What was the political objective of the Granger Movement?
24. What attitude best describes industrial workers of the late 19th century?
25. What was the primary cause of worker discontent in the late 19th century?
26. What did the Illinois Bureau of Labor Statistics report in 1886?
27. Who was an example of the "rags to riches" ideal?
28. What did the census records showed about mobility?
29. Approximately what percent of manual labors rose to middle-class status in their lifetimes?
30. After industrialization what made it possible for a worker to the rise to skilled or white-collar position?
31. How did public education change?
32. What percentage of the nation's children were receiving some formal education In 1860?
33. What was the recorded public school attendance of 1870?
34. By 1890, about how many school children passed beyond eighth grade?
35. What school did Calvin Woodward open in St. Louis around 1880?
36. Who ultimately supported vocational education?
37. What common religious feature did the rich share?
38. Which vessel opened up a new era of transatlantic travel?
39. How many immigrants came to the U.S. between 1866 and 1915?
40. What was an example of a "pull" factor?
41. What was an example of a "push" factor?
42. What drove down the cost of passage via the sea?
43. What particular factor led to southern and central European emigration?
44. What was the primary factor that led to immigration?
45. Before 1891, who what regulated or controled immigration?
46. What was a padrone?
47. What two ethnic groups made the largest proportion of immigrants in the early 1880s?
48. What two ethnic groups made the largest proportion of immigrants by 1907?
49. Between 1880 and 1910 how did the numbers of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe change?
50. The Foran Act of 1885:
51. What year was the all time peak year for immigration?
52. How many immigrants arrived in that 1907?
53. Where did most immigrants enter the U.S.?
54. What was a common feature about most "new" European immigrants?
55. What scientific theory of the late century was used to label immigrants "inferior?"
56. What was a result of the 1887 Haymarket bombing?
57. What old political movement practiced by the Know-Nothings was revived?
58. What particular organization grumbled about foreign-born "radicals?"
59. What was the Black Hand?
60. What was the largest Nativist organization?
61. What did the America Protective Association primarily resist?
62. What was the first major piece of legislation which restricted immigration?
63. Who did the Exclusion Act exclude?
64. What was the purpose of the literacy test bill passed congress in 1897?
65. Which organization in 1890 pushed for a literacy test for immigrants?
66. Who vetoed the Congresses' literacy test bill?
67. What percent of the population lived in urban areas in 1890?
68. Which river in 1890 became a "sewer?"
69. What city created a major health organization in 1866?
70. What magazine sponsored a contest to pick up the best tenement design?
71. What was the name given to a new type of apartment house designed by James Ware?
72. What was a primary problem in the tenement houses?
73. How big was the "walking city?"
74. What a significant problem with horse-drawn cars in the 1880s?
75. What put an end to horse-drawn cars?
76. Where was the first electric trolley built?
77. What was the typical fare for a streetcar ride?
78. What was the Pacific Electric system?
79. What technology made the skyscraper possible?
80. What was the first professional baseball team?
81. What spectator sports became popular in the late nineteenth century?
82. What was Luna Park?
83. Where did the Metropolitan Museum of Art open in 1870?
84. What sport is the basis for Football?
85. After the Civil War, what did Protestant churches in New York often do?
86. What was Washington Gladdens know for?
87. What did Applied Christianity advocate?
88. What did Reverend William D. P. Bliss found?
89. What question did characters in the novel In His Steps use?
90. Who was Jane Addams?
91. What is a settlement house?
92. What did Jane Addams believed about the power of "Private benefice?"